Adjustable Rate Mortgages: This Home Mortgage Loan May Not Be For The Weak At Heart
Vishy Dadsetan
"I am interested in a fixed mortgage rate." I said.
"May I ask why that is?" The broker asked politely.
"I don't want to deal with the risk of rising interest rates. At my age, I cannot afford the risk."
"Looking at your last ten years of history, you have done pretty well with the adjustable rate. In fact, you had paid less in interest than most people with a fixed loan. May I suggest that we look at some adjustable rates, which are even less than the rate you're paying and with caps you don't have to worry about the interest rate hikes. I think we can save you a few hundred dollars off your monthly payment."
At this point the broker took a breather so that I can say, "No thank you. I am only interested in a fixed rate mortgages." "I don't understand. Are you not interested in saving money?" He asked before launching into a lecture that had a mix of economy 101, budgeting 1, a dash of fortune telling and a healthy and totally unrealistic optimism of future trend in interest rates.
When he was done I explained to him that I recall the 18%-19% interest on mortgage loans in the early 1980's that he seemed too young to remember. I pointed out that on a $100,000 loan, the 18% interest is $1,500 per month on the mortgage interest alone. If you have a $200,000 loan the interest alone would be a back-breaking payment of $3,000 per month.
I knew he thought I am out of my mind thinking about an 18% mortgage interest rate in today's environment. At the end we ended the phone conversation without any resolution. The gap in understanding wasn't about fixed rate mortgages vs adjustable rate mortgages (ARM). The gap was in age, experience, expectation, hopes and fears; a gap too wide to bridge.
To understand this gap, let's look at the adjustable rate mortgages. This type of mortgage loan is usually lower than the fixed rate and the lower rate means lower payment that in turn means easier qualification.
When lenders are considering your mortgage loan application, they look at what percentage of your income is available for repaying their loan. With an income of $5,000 per month, a $2,000 loan payment is 40% of your income and a $1,000 payment is 20% of your income. The closer you get to $1,000 or 20% of your income, the easier it is to qualify for the loan. This easier qualification appeals to younger people who are just starting and those with income limitation.
Adjustable mortgage rates appeal to young people with an innate optimism, hopes of increased income and the high possibility of moving to a different home in a short period of time. They need to look at what they can afford to pay and cannot worry too much about the distant future. To them anything is better than renting which is absolute waste of money.
There are also those older individuals who have suffered from some set back in life and do not enjoy a high credit score or do not have a very high income. Since a poor credit score increases the interest rate a bank offers to potential borrowers, a fixed rate may be too high for these individuals to consider.
Let's take a look at some terms that help you understand ARM better.
Margin - This is the lender's markup and where they make their profits. The margin is added to the index rate to determine your total interest rate.
ARM Indexes - These are benchmarks that lenders use to determine how much the mortgage should be adjusted. The more stable the index is the more stable your adjustable loan remains. Consider both the index and the margin when you are shopping around.
Adjustment Period - Refers to the holding period in which your interest rate will not change. You will come across ARM figures like 5-1 that means your mortgage interest remains the same for five years and then it will adjust every year.
Interest Rate Caps - This is the maximum interest a lender can charge you.
Periodic caps - The lenders may limit how much they can increase your loan within an adjustment period. Not all ARMs have periodic rate caps.
Overall caps- Mortgage lenders may also limit how much the interest rate can increase over the life of the loan. Overall caps have been required by law since 1987.
Payment Caps - The maximum amount your monthly payment can increase at each adjustment.
Negative Amortization - In most cases a portion of your payment goes toward paying down the principal and reducing your total debt. But when the payment is not enough to even cover the interest due, the unpaid amount is added back to the loan and your total mortgage loan obligation is increased. In short, if this continues you may owe more than you started with.
Negative amortization is the possible downside of the payment cap that keeps monthly payments from covering the cost of interest.
As you compare lenders, loans and rates remember Henry Moore who said, "What's important is finding out what works for you."
About the author:
Vishy Dadsetan writes articles that can actually help your clients. Articles that make sense. Articles just like this one. Additional information is available at: Adjustable Rate Mortgage
The latest information and news on Mortgages:
GMAC's mortgage arm will be tough to unload (Detroit Free Press)
ResCap, the mortgage lending subsidiary of GMAC, "has been a millstone around the company's neck" in the words of GMAC Chief Executive Michael Carpenter. But disposing of ResCap without crippling GMAC's automotive lending business or adding to GMAC's $17.2-billion debt to the U.S. Treasury Departmen...
More consumers pay credit card, but not mortgage (St. Louis Post-Dispatch)
CHICAGO ? U.S. consumers are starting to look like a frugal, debt-fearing lot as they pay down billions of dollars in credit-card obligations. But an alarming trend is emerging: A small but growing number of people are skipping mortgage payments in favor of paying their credit card bills.
Will mortgage rates rise? Fed action only part of the picture (Everett Herald)
Question: We have been hearing that mortgage rates will go up after March 31st because the Federal Reserve will stop buying mortgage bonds. Is this true? How does that work?
More consumers pay credit card, but not mortgage (The Scranton Times-Tribune)
U.S. consumers are starting to look like a frugal, debt-fearing lot as they pay down billions of dollars in credit-card obligations. But an alarming trend is emerging: A small but growing number of people are skipping mortgage payments in favor of payin
Some tax issues to consider on mortgage write-downs (Washington Post)
With the Obama administration and private lenders actively considering mortgage principal-reduction programs to help financially distressed homeowners, the Internal Revenue Service has issued a new advisory to taxpayers who receive -- or seek to receive -- such assistance. The IRS gets involved in m...
Yahoo! News Search Results for refinance
Now best time to buy or refinance? (The Southern Illinoisan)
As the economy slowly begins to recover, changes are takingplace in the housing market that experts said indicate the besttime to buy a home or refinance an existing mortgage may benow.
Refinance may limit financial flexibility (Bankrate.com via Yahoo! Finance)
Reduced financial flexibility may be the price for a home refinance that lowers your mortgage rate.
Refinancing bonds to save Consolidated 5 $450,000 (The Times and Democrat)
The Orangeburg Consolidated School District 5 board unanimously passed a resolution to refinance general obligation bonds that will save the district about $450,000.
Pernod Ricard Plans to Issue Bonds to Refinance Absolut Buyout (Bloomberg)
March 10 (Bloomberg) -- Pernod Ricard SA , the world?s second-biggest liquor maker, is planning to sell six-year bonds to help refinance loans used to buy the Absolut vodka brand in March 2008.
REITs show rising prices but growing risks (Washington Post)
Analysts, bloggers, real estate dealmakers and managers of mutual funds are as puzzled as I am about the 90 percent rise in REIT indexes since March 2009. Commercial real estate lags the business cycle, so shares of real estate investment trusts normally do not rebound until after it's apparent the ...